Fieldtrip

Ashia Fiedy

Dewi Pramesti

Science

03-06-12

I went to Bandung to get more knowledge about earth plates and solar system. First, I went to Bosccha. There, i saw a the a telescope and it’s the biggest telescope in south east asia. People cannot use the telescope at day because it might bother the health of people’s eyes. The plan for this place about to make is around in 1920. Which is when mr.bosscha and his friends making an organization. In 1923 this place was created until 1928. This place named Bosscha because that time, Bosscha was the person who gave a lot of money for this place or we can call invention.

Bosccha picked the place in Lembang because Lembang was a place that is not crouded yet. It’s a good place because if it’s too corouded, it can bother the sight seeing from the telescope. There are also onother telescope in Bosscha. They are GAO-ITB, Coto, Unitron, Coronado, Foleostat, Bamberg and many else. One of them, can be use to hear the sound of what’s going on out there. On of them also a telescope that can be use at day or sun.

Instead of knowing the telescope, I aslo got knowledge about solar system. One of them is about why pluto is not considered as a planet anymore? So it’s because pluto have thousands friends or planets that is simillar with pluto and pluto was found that this planet had a different orbit with other planets. In 2006, finally pluto is not considered as a planet anymore. Then, i also learned about stars, diameter and distance. The distance between earth and sun is about 150.000.000 km. The diameter of sun is 1.400.000 km. The diameter of earth is 12,714 km and 3,472 for the moon diameter. Sometimes, stars were bigger than the sun. Even the biggest telescope cannot catch the full size of the stars or any object in the space.

Second place, i went to Museum Geology. There, i learned about earth plates, solar system and a little bit about fossils. The Nebua Theory is a theory that formed our solar system. Indonesia was invented by the last centuries because of the continential plate. There is subduction zone from parit sumatra until java. In Indonesia, there are alot of coal which is in sumatra.

I also learn about volcano. So it was formed because of the oceanic crst and the continential plate meets. The thing that makes it erupt is because of a strong pressure that can make the volcano erupt. The magma, sand and gasses will come out from the volcano. The lava will go on by rain and become lahar. The sand can be the natural resiuces and the ground will having a good quality.

Then, i learned how does mount everest formed. So, india had been crashed with Asia. There is a strong power from the accident until it can formed the mount everest. The first climber of mount everest is George in 1924. The everest is located near the see. However, it never get wet.

Rinjani Volcano

Indonesia lies on the pacific rim of fire which meant there will be alot of earthquakes, tsunamies and eruptions happen alot. Indonesia is also locates at the 4 tectonics plates. Those reason are why Indonesia is really often to have disasters like earthquakes, tsunamies and eruptions.

Rinjani is located at the north of Lombok, Indonesia (8.42 S, 116.47 E). Lombok is actually one of the lesser of Sunda Islands and it’s located at the edge of Asutralian’s continenal shelf. This volcano is 3,726 meters height. Rinjani is also still categorize as an active volcano in Indonesia. This volcano  is surround with a carter. Segara Anak lake is a lake which is actually a carter the surroun rinjani montain.

People take benefit from the beautifulness of the volcano. The people were adore the Segara Anak lake which is actually filling the carter. People also could do research about rinjani volcano and it will be a permanent knowledge for the people who mean it. It’s also can make rinjani volcano as a tourism and national park. By that way, our country could be famous because of the beautifulness of our nature.

Rinjani is a stratovolcano type. Stratovolcano is a cone-shpaed volcano. However, when it comes to size and the ability to pack a serious punch, stratovolcanoes outclass cinder cones in a big way. People usually hiking at this mountain because it’s beautiful to see the carter around it. But now the national park at rinjani just closed at January 5th 2012 because of landslides that’s not save for people.

People who lived around rinjani were usually aware of the eruptions. When there’s code that the Rinjani Volcano erupt, the people around there will build a place to live for a while. It’s quite scary because the Rinjani volcano is near to the one of the vilage. Sometimes, the people around there move to another spot that’s quite far from the volcano when it’s almost erupt.

The eruption have many impact. One, is the people’s life and the environment like flora and fauna around it. There might some plants that grow at the volcano, but some may not. When the lava start to spread out, the plants will be burnt and also the properties around. The lake and river also can be dry because of the extremely hot. When the eruption stop, people will have trouble on how they live and to fulfill everyday needs.

Eruptions:

2010, 2009, 2004, 1995, 1966, 1965, 1953, 1949-50, 1944-45, 1915, 1909, 1906, 1901, 1900, 1884, 1847.

The eruption at  1995 was so scary. It send ash for 500 meters high. The hot lahar was going down into the river. The name of the river is Kokok Jenggak River. 172 explosions was being heard and it makes people extremely scared.People, who was taking water from the river was killed.

Eruption at 2009 , makes earthquakes and a white plume was send for 1 kilometers high. The ash rose for 700 meters above the cone. People was warned of possible lahars coming. People was evacuating as fast as possible for their sake.

the myth of this volcano is actually from the puppet called ‘Wayang’ So in the land of the giants, Alengka, lived a man, Resi Gotama and his wife, Dewi Windradi, with their 3 children – 2 sons and 1 daughter. The daughter’s name was Dewi Rinjani a.k.a. Dewi Anjani. The mother had an affair with the sun god, Bhatara Surya, and they were able to get away with the affair for many years.

It was a bowl. The sun god give Dewi Windradi a bowl that can make her see the whole world. It’s like to see the universe and future. This bowl also can fulfil any wishes. With a promise, Dewi Windradi won’t tell anyone about the ball including her family.

One day, Dewi Windradi give the bowl to her favorite daughter Dewi Rinjani. The god was mad and it cause Dewi Rinjani as the impact of it. So, Dewi Rinjani came to the Segara Anak Lake. She washed her face and play with it. After it, her body become into a half monkey and a half human.

Now, people have to bring foods to throw because people around there believe that there’s still the spirit of Dewi Rinjani. They said that they often see a pretty women but sometimes to gone in a short time. Some people sometimes bring sesajen for according to their believe . #belive it or not J

The environment of the volcano is green. There are a lot of plants around it especially plants that grow at volcanoes. This volcano is also near a forest in Lombok, Lesser Sunda, Indonesia. However, it’s danger for people to stay around this volcano now. Because it’s a location that have much possibilities for the landslides to happen. At the top of the mountain, the condition is very cold and sometimes people couldn’t spend too much time there because it’s too cold for them.

http://www.volcanolive.com/rinjani.html

http://touristspot.ruvenga.com/mount-rinjani.html/

http://www.rinjaninationalpark.com/rinjani-national-park.htm

http://skepat-lombok.blogspot.com/2011/04/rinjani-eruption-history-lombok.html

http://www.indonesiatogo.com/2009/06/21/the-myth-of-the-rinjani-mountain/

Arctic Tundra

ARTIC TUNDRA

By: Ashia Fiedy

CONDITION

1/5 of the world is Tundra. This biome is the coldest biome in the world.  This biome is he youngest biome and located at latitudes 55° to 70° NorthThis are the characteristic of Tundra:

-Tundra is near the north pole (it’s actually circling the north pole)

-Only few trees grow at Tundra

-At winters, it is extremely cold

-When summer comes, it only come for a short time

The temperature when it’s winter could reach into -34 degree celcious. When summer, it could reach 3-12 degree celcius. The summer only comes for about 6-8 weeks only. Even though it’s summer time, the weather is cloudy and the plants only get a little sunlight.There would be some weeks that the sun doesn’t rises, and it makes the situation more extremely coold than before. Some animals could survive, but som cannot because it’s extremely cold. Overall, the arctic tundra is a low biodiversity.

The under-layer of tundra is called permafrost (450 meters) under the surface , it is frozen and never melts. However, it allowing a little room for deep rooting plants and trees. The upper layer of the Tundra melts at each summer. When it melts, it will make up some small pools , bogs , lakes and marshes. The liquids / water cannot go to the ground because it is block by the permafrost. In tundra, there usually some grassy hills and even rocky mountains. Usually, trees can be found at the arctic and at the top of the mountains.

 FAUNA

There is also icy rivers at tundra that goes through the artic ocean and there were some fishes like salmon, flatfish, cod, and trout. The animals in Tundra consist of polar bears, caribou, musk ox, grey wolves, lemmings, rabbits, squirrels, and birds such as penguins, falcons, ravens, terns, and loons. More than 100 species of migrant birds are attracted by the insect food and safe feeding ground of the tundra. The animals in tundra were usually have their food web. It usually has a fast proccess of doing it.

-Polar bear: Polar bear Adult male could reach 900 lbs and 2.6 meters height. The female one could reach into 500 lbs and 2 meters height. Polar bears could wim until 6 miles per hour. But people likes to hunted them for making clothes or even can make the meat as food.`

-Caribou:Caribou it’s actually the famlity of deer. The size could reach up from 4-5 feet. Their wight is 500+lb and the color is like greyish.

-Musk ox: it’s actually an animal that has a skin like beard. Their height could reach from 3-5 feet and 500-900 lb weight. The ,people usually hunt their feather to make it as jacket because people said it’s very confortable and warm when using it.

-Gray Wolves: In scientific terms , the gray wolves are usually called ‘Canis Lupus’ They have really thick feathers and it makes them to protect their body from the cold. Wolves usually also can live for a long time in the cold.

-Lemmings    : Lemmings were small animals that has 10-15 cm long and 80 grams weight. They are herbivores, they only eat small plants that grows in the arctic.

FLORA

The plants survive because the water lost through the leaf surface so small leafs can help the plants retain moisture. Most of the arctic tundra's plant life consists of shrubbery, lichen, moss, and flowers . The plants use the hours sunlight to make them grow even though it just for a while, but the plants could grow in a short time. The vegetation usually produce many flowers because the flowers are the plants that can grow fast.

Plants in arctic tundra has the ability to survive in the cold for a long time.  It is also possible for the plants to do their photosynthesis in the extremely cold situation. Plants in tundra were grow close together that can make some patterns. Those patterns is also one of the purpose of the plants survival. The patterns can avoid the plants from the  weak particles of the snow. The plants that making patterns could form some variations of plants. Usually it could be patterns of colors or the types of the plants.

Moss            : Moss is a plant that live by the rocks. This plant needs a lot of water. However, in tundra this plant can survive because the cold area that can make each own water particles. Moss also make the foods by the proccess of photosynthesis like other plants.

Cotton grass : Cotton grass called Eriophorum Scheuchzeri in scientific terms. The height could reach from 1-3 feet tall and the size is only could 1-2 inches.This plant has has white color and the flowers at the grass looks simillar with edelwise.

The water in the tundra can make some ices because of the cold situation, but the water can be useful for the grass around the pools by absorbing the water. But the rest may not because they couldn’t absorb water from the pools unless the upper layer melts.

GLOBAL WARMING

Since it’s global warming, there some issue that the layer in southern tundra melts. When summer comes, the permaforst melts and it makes the plants has trouble for the rooting system. Estimates suggest that about 14 percent of the Earth’s carbon is tied up in the permafrost. 

Now the tundra is the biome who absorbs much carbondioxide from the atmosphere through the photosynthesis. This process helped keep the amount of this greenhouse gas from accumulating in the atmosphere. The plants in the tundra especially lichen and grasses are getting darker and absorbing more heat.

Some animals stresses when they have this condition. The global warming makes the tundra condition become not stable. For example the condition / temperature that makes the plants have some changes. It also makes the animals die because of the global warming because they can’t survive within tha unstable situation. People must be care about this issue because animals has rights to have a living like us.

Resources:

http://www.kidcyber.com.au/topics/biometundra.htm

http://www.worldbiomes.com/biomes_tundra.htm

http://www.google.co.id/search?q=tundra+biome&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&aq=t&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a

http://www.thewildclassroom.com/biomes/arctictundra.html

http://library.thinkquest.org/3500/polarbear.htm

http://www.google.co.id/imgres?q=tundra+biome&um=1&hl=id&client=firefox-a&sa=N&rls=org.

http://www.athropolis.com/arctic-facts/fact-plants-survive.htm

http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/tundraP.html

http://www.google.co.id/imgres?q=animals+in+tundra&um=1&hl=id&client=firefox-a&sa=N&rls=org.

http://www.google.co.id/imgres?q=plants+in+tundra&um=1&hl=id&client=firefox-a&sa=N&rls=org.mozilla

http://www.historyforkids.org/scienceforkids/biology/plants/moss/index.htm

http://www.go2moon.com/image/Flowers/FlowerPage-Cotton.html

http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/habitats/tundra-profile/

http://www.reuters.com/article/2009/07/29/us-tundra-warming-idUSTRE56S53E20090729